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{"id":114,"date":"2012-09-18T02:13:00","date_gmt":"2012-09-18T02:13:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/monkeygrammar.org\/index.php\/2012\/09\/18\/grammar-of-business-english-1\/"},"modified":"2020-04-16T11:36:59","modified_gmt":"2020-04-16T11:36:59","slug":"grammar-of-business-english-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mindpowerasia.org\/grammar-of-business-english-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Grammar of Business English (1)"},"content":{"rendered":"
Summary: This post is about how to make sentences<\/b> with regard to verbs that are intransitive<\/b>.  You will learn that ‘I wait you<\/b>‘ is incorrect<\/b> and understand the reason behind.  In a sense, this post attempts to explain transitivity<\/b> in terms of sentence structures<\/b>, which makes English different<\/b> from other languages, especially Asian ones.<\/span>
\n
\n<\/span><\/span>
\nWhy is the sentence<\/span> ‘<\/span><\/span><\/b>I wait you’<\/span><\/b><\/span> incorrect<\/span>? <\/span>It is because \u2018wait\u2019 is an<\/span> intransitive<\/b><\/span> verb. <\/span><\/span>What? <\/span><\/span>What is an intransitive verb?  According to most dictionaries, intransitive verbs are verbs that are <\/span>not<\/span> followed by <\/span>some<\/span>t<\/span>hing<\/span><\/span> <\/span>or <\/span>some<\/span>one<\/span>.<\/span><\/span>
\n
\n<\/span><\/b><\/b>
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
\n
<\/div>\n
<\/a><\/div>\n

For example, in the sentence ‘<\/b><\/span><\/span>Old habits <\/span>die <\/span>hard<\/span>‘, <\/span><\/span>\u2018die\u2019 is in<\/b><\/span>transitive<\/span> as it is<\/span> not followed <\/span>by something or someone. <\/span><\/span>\u2018Hard\u2019 is not something or someone, right?<\/span><\/span>
\n
\n<\/b>
\n<\/b>
\n<\/b><\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>But the <\/span>BIG<\/span> question is: <\/span><\/span>why<\/span>?<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b> Why is an <\/span>intransitive<\/span> verb<\/span> <\/span>not <\/span>to be <\/span><\/span>followed by<\/span> something? <\/span><\/span>Or why is an <\/span>transitive<\/span> verb<\/span> <\/span>followed by<\/span> something? <\/span><\/span>In other words, <\/span>why is there a difference <\/span>between transitive verbs and intransitive verbs?<\/span><\/span><\/span>
\n
\n<\/b><\/b><\/span>
\n<\/b>
\nTo answer this big question, we have to talk about <\/span>sentence structures<\/span>.  Most learners of English have recited the sentence structure of ‘<\/span>SVO’<\/span>, in which S stands for subjects, V for verbs and O for objects. <\/span>
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

S<\/span>=<\/span>subject       <\/span>V<\/span>=<\/span>verb    <\/span> O<\/span>=<\/span>object<\/span><\/b>
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
<\/a><\/div>\n

<\/span><\/span>
\nYet they do not know <\/span>a secret<\/span> in English, that there is <\/span>a special <\/span>relationship<\/span> between \u2018S\u2019 and  \u2018O\u2019. <\/span>How special <\/span>is it? The following example will tell you about the special relationship.<\/span><\/b>
\n
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n


\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
\n
Efficiency <\/span>makes<\/span> a happy life<\/span><\/span>.<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n

\n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n


\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u2018<\/span>Efficiency<\/span>\u2019 is the <\/span>subject<\/span> and \u2018<\/span>a happy life<\/span>\u2019 is the <\/span>object<\/span>.  <\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n

<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span>
\nThe special relationship is \u2018Efficiency\u2019 is <\/span><\/span>much much much<\/span> bigger than \u2018a happy life\u2019  (You may add more much if you like).  <\/span>In other words,  \u2018efficiency\u2019 is <\/span>the reason<\/span> why \u2018a happy life\u2019 is possible.   <\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n


\n<\/b><\/span><\/span>
\nTo  make it easier, read a <\/span><\/span>F<\/span>ee<\/span>l G<\/span>oo<\/span>d T<\/span>i<\/span>p:<\/span><\/span><\/b>
\n
\n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u2018<\/span>Efficiency<\/span>\u2019 <\/span> > <\/span><\/span>\u2018<\/span>a happy life<\/span>\u2019  <\/span><\/b><\/div>\n

<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

      <\/span> S<\/span><\/span> <\/span> <\/span> <\/span><\/span>><\/span> <\/span> <\/span><\/span>O<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n

<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n


\n<\/b><\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\n

<\/span><\/span>However<\/span>, if there is <\/span>no<\/span><\/span> such a relationship<\/span> (between S<\/span> & O<\/span>), you have to use an intransitive verb <\/span><\/span>with a preposition. An example will make this clear.<\/span>  <\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

I\u2019ll <\/span>wait <\/b><\/span>for<\/span><\/span> you.  <\/span><\/div>\n

<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span>
\nThe relationship between \u2018I\u2019 and \u2018you\u2019 is not<\/span> one of \u2018subject\u2019 and \u2018object\u2019.   Or <\/span>\u2018I\u2019 is <\/span>not \u2018bigger\u2019 <\/span>than \u2018you\u2019<\/span>. <\/span><\/span>To show<\/span> such a relationship, <\/span>for<\/span>, a preposition, is needed. <\/span> <\/span>The following table may <\/span>make you feel good<\/span> about what you have been learning:<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Relationship<\/span> between <\/span><\/div>\n
S & O<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Choice<\/span> of verbs<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Choice<\/span> of verbs<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
S ><\/span> O<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Transitive<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
S    is not<\/span> >     O<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
<\/span><\/td>\n\n
Intransitive<\/span><\/div>\n
(+ prepositions<\/span>)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span><\/b>Pic source: http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/metrojp\/84448961\/in\/photostream\/<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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